Tai Chi Chuan is a Chinese form of martial arts characterized by slow motion routines performed in the morning. Tai Chi Chuan places a strong emphasis on health and longevity.

Tai chi is considered a traditional Chinese soft martial arts technique practiced for a variety of reasons that include demonstrations competitions, and for its health benefits and longevity. Today, tai chi is practiced worldwide. The term tai chi chuan translates to "supreme ultimate fist." This term is represented in both Confucian and Taoist Chinese philosophies. There are five major styles of tai chi chuan, each named after the Chinese family from which it originated: Chen style, Yang style, Wu or Wu/Hao style of Wu Yu-hsiang, Wu style of Wu Ch'uan-yu and Wu Chien-ch'uan, and Sun style

The goal of tai chi chuan varies according to the practitioner; it can be practiced as a way to improve individual health and longevity, or performed as part of demonstration competition.

The roots of tai chi chuan can be traced back to Taoist and Buddhist monasteries; however, the exact date and creator of tai chi is heavily disputed as the records of its beginnings are little more than legends passed down through the various schools. Most historians agree that tai chi most likely originated around the 12th century. There is a strong connection to the philosophies and theories of the Sung Dynasty's Neo-Confucianism, which may further help determine tai chi's origins.

Straight Sword
Saber

Tai chi training primarily involves learning solo routines, known as forms. Some traditional schools of tai chi taught partner exercises known as pushing hands, and martial applications of the postures of the form. The solo form is a slow sequence of movements which emphasize a straight spine, abdominal breathing and a natural range of motion; the second being different styles of pushing hands for training movement principles of the form in a more practical way. Tai chi classes have become popular in hospitals, clinics, community and senior centers in the last twenty years or so, as baby boomers age and the art's reputation as low stress training for seniors become more well-known. Other training includes some weapons forms with a straight sword or saber.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tai_chi_chuan